英语写作终极指南:简洁才是王道
南京环亚西文现代英语025-84721008 What is good writing?
什么样的文章是好文章?
It depends on what country you’re from. We all know what’s considered “good writing” in our own country. We grow up immersed in the cadences and sentence structure of the language we were born into, so we think, “That’s probably what every country considers good writing; they just use different words.” If only! I once asked a student from Cairo, “What kind of language is Arabic?” She said, “It’s all adjectives.”
这取决于你来自何处。我们都知道在自己的国家好文章是什么样的。我们从小到大,已经熟知我们母语的抑扬顿挫和句子结构,于是我们认为,其他国家所谓的好文章也应该是这样,只不过用的语言不同。要是这样就好了!我有次问一个来自开罗的学生:“阿拉伯语是什么样的语言?”她回答说:“都是形容词。”
Well, of course it’s not all adjectives, but I knew what she meant: it’s decorative, it’s ornate, it’s intentionally pleasing. But all those adjectives and all that
decoration would be the ruin of any journalist trying to write good English. No proverbs, please.
当然,不可能都是形容词,我知道她的意思:阿拉伯语是一种注重雕饰和阅读快感的语言。但是太多形容词和太多雕饰都不利于英文的新闻写作。千万别使用那么多谚语。
Spanish also comes with a heavy load of beautiful baggage that will smother any journalist writing in English.
西班牙语也一样,有太多不利于英文写作的修饰语。
English is not as musical as Spanish, or Italian, or French, or as ornamental as Arabic, or as vibrant as some of your native languages. But I’m hopelessly in love with English because it’s plain and it’s strong. It has a huge vocabulary of words that have precise shades of meaning; there’s no subject, however
technical or complex, that can’t be made clear to any reader in good English—if it’s used right. Unfortunately, there are many ways of using it wrong. Those are the damaging habits I want to warn you about today.
英语不像西班牙语、意大利语或者法语那样富有音律美,也不像阿拉伯语那样华丽,可能也不像你们的母语那样生动鲜活,但我就是无可救药地热爱英语,因为它平实有力,拥有海量意义鲜明的词汇。描述一样事物,不管多高科技多复杂,在标准英语中读者都看懂——如果描述准确。不幸的是很多人都不能正确使用英语。以下就是我希望大家避免的一些错误习惯。
First, a little history. The English language is derived from two main sources. One is Latin, the other is Anglo-Saxon. The words derived from Latin are the enemy—they will strangle and suffocate everything you write. The Anglo-Saxon words will set you free.
首先,了解英语的历史。英语来源于拉丁语和安格鲁-撒克逊语。来自拉丁语的单词是我们的宿敌——它们会使你的写作佶屈聱牙。安格鲁-撒克逊语才能解开你的束缚。
How do those Latin words do their strangling and suffocating? In general they are long, pompous nouns that end in -ion—like implementation and
maximization and communication (five syllables long!)—or that end in
-ent—like development and fulfillment. Those nouns express a vague concept or an abstract idea, not a specific action that we can picture. Here’s a typical sentence: “Prior to the implementation of the financial enhancement.” That means “Before we fixed our money problems.”
拉丁词语是怎么束缚你的文体的呢?一般来说都是些长并华而不实的单词,以ion结尾,像implementation、maximization、communication(五个音节那么长!)或者以ent结尾,像development和fulfillment。这些词语描述的都是一个模糊或抽象的概念,不是我们能够明确说明的行动。一个典型句子就是:财政强化计划实施之前。其实就是说:解决钱的问题之前。
Believe it or not, this is the language that people in authority in America
routinely use. They think those long Latin words make them sound important. It no longer rains in America; your TV weatherman will tell that you we’re experiencing a precipitation probability situation.
不管你信不信,这些就是美国的高层人士常用语。他们认为这些长长的拉丁单词能突显自己的身份。美国已经没有下雨这一说了,天气预报员只会提到降水概率这个词。
I’m sure all of you, newly arrived in America, have already been driven crazy trying to figure out the instructions for ordering a cell phone or connecting your computer, or applying for a bank loan or a health insurance policy, and you assume that those of us who were born here can understand this stuff. I assure you that we don’t understand it either.
我相信你们所有人刚来美国的时候,都曾为订购手机、上网、申请银行贷款、购买健康保险的流程说明而抓狂,并认为我们美国人读得懂这些东西。其实我们一样看不懂。
-
英语写作基础练习通用多篇
英语写作基础练习篇一今日作文题:CanMoneyBuyHappiness?金钱能买到幸福吗?提示句:许多人认为钱越多,越幸福。我认为幸福取决于……应该如何对待金钱?范文:CanMoneyBuyHappiness?金钱能买到幸福吗?Nowadays,alotofpeopleinsocietythinkthemoremoneytheyhavethemorehapp...
-
英国留学申请文书的写作范本 英国留学文书怎么写多篇
2023年七年级语文的复习资料汇总篇一此刻的七年级教材,与国小的衔接不是那么紧密,有点给人另起炉灶的感觉,再加上十多年来我们的国小都一向取消了留级制度,无论学习基础及学习潜力有多么欠缺,学生都一同逐年上升,懂与不懂都一齐学习新的资料,一齐进入国中的学习,这势必...
-
演讲稿的写作格式是什么【精品多篇】
演讲稿的写作格式是什么篇一1、标题离职演讲稿的标题是灵活多样的。以“离职演讲稿”为题,可突出文体类别;以“××公司经理离职的演讲”为题,可显示公文特点。此外,还可采用文章标题的方法,例如“拜谢拜托拜请——一位教研室主任的离职演讲辞”。2、称谓指对现场听...
-
党纪学习教育之有关要求写作素材10例
党纪学习教育之有关要求写作素材10例一要加强组织领导,抓好统筹实施,推动党纪学习教育走深走实。坚持两手抓、两促进,把开展党纪学习教育与贯彻落实中央纪委三次全会部署结合起来,与正在做的工作结合起来,将学习成果体现为纪检监察工作高质量发展的实际成效。坚持实...