小升中英語語法歸納:祈使句,感嘆句,疑問句及主謂一致
小升中英語語法歸納:主謂一致
1.主語是he ,she, it, either, neither, each, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, anyone, nobody, no one, 等代詞時,謂語動詞用單數。
Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你。
Everyone is here. 大家都來了。
Each of the boys has an apple.
2. 表示總稱意義的名詞people, cattle, police做主語時,謂語動詞用複數。
Cattle are farmer’s friends.
The policeman is standing at the street corner. The police are searching for him.
3. 主語是:時間,距離,價格等名詞,即使是複數形式,謂語動詞只用單數。
Three years passes quickly.
Two meters is not long enough.
4.主語是:clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, socks, gloves 等名詞時,謂語動詞用複數。
The trousers are not expensive.
Your socks are over there.
5.主語是:family, class, team, group等名詞時,如果是作爲整體,謂語動詞用單數;如果作爲其中一個個的成員,謂語動詞用複數。
Our class is made up of ten students.
Our class are working very hard.
6. 主語是the number of+名詞複數時,表示……的數目,謂語動詞用單數。但是主語是a number of+名詞複數時,表示許多,謂語動詞用複數。
The number of students in our school is large.
A number of students in our school are from America.
連接的兩個成對的名詞:fork and knife, bread and butter, coffee and water等,表示單一的概念,故謂語動詞用單數。
小升中英語語法歸納:祈使句,感嘆句,疑問句
一.祈使句
Be careful!
Please open your books.
Let me have a try.
Don’t open the door.
口訣:祈使句無主語,主語you常省去,動詞原形當謂語,句首加don’t變否定。
二.感嘆句:用what 和how引導,what 修飾的是名詞,how修飾的是副詞或形容詞。
結構:What + a/an + 形+可數名詞單數+(主語+謂語)!
What+形+可數名詞複數/不可數名詞+(主語+謂語)!
How+ 形/副 +(主語+謂語)!
_____a fine day it is! (What)
______useful work we have done! (What)
______careful my mother is! (How)
_______delicious bread it is! (What)
做題技巧:從右往左看,先劃掉感嘆號前的主語和謂語,剩下的是名詞就用what,剩下的是形容詞或者副詞就用how。當然名詞還需辨別可數不可數來確定是否有冠詞a/an。
三.疑問句
疑問句有一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,選擇疑問句,反意疑問句。
1. 一般疑問句:需要用yes或no來回答。結構:助動詞+主語+謂語
Have you locked the door? Yes, I have.
Can you play the piano? Yes, I can.
2. 特殊疑問句:對句子中某一特殊部分提問的疑問句。
結構:特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句
特殊疑問詞:“非常6+1”,即6個W開頭的疑問詞(what/who/which/where/when/why)和1個H(How)開頭的疑問詞。
★how 與what的其他用法
⑴How much money do you want?
How many pictures did you buy?
How fast does he drive?
How often do you go abroad?
How many times do you go swimming in summer?
How soon will you come back?
How long have you been here?
(2)What number are you?
What color is your coat?
What time is it?
What day is it today?
3. 選擇疑問句:提供兩種或兩種以上的情況,供對方選擇的。選擇疑問句不能用Yes和No回答,其答案只能是問句中提到的兩個選擇之一,如果考試中出現選擇疑問句的選擇題,選項中的Yes和No都要排除.
Do you like tea or coffee? I like coffee.
Do you speak English or French? I speak English
Who runs faster, Tom or John? Tom.
4.反意疑問句:附在陳述句之後,對陳述句所說的事實或觀點提出疑問。
結構:助動詞/情態動詞+主語, 前肯後否,前否後肯。
小升中英語考試中,一般以填空或者選擇的形式,讓孩子把反義疑問句後半句補充完整,從而來考察孩子對反義疑問句的掌握。
He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
He can speak English, can’t he?
★其他類型反意疑問句的用法
(1)There be 變成be there
There are 3 dogs, aren’t there?
There will be a meeting tomorrow, won’t there?
(2)祈使句後的反意疑問句:肯定祈使句的反意疑問句通常用will you 或won’t you, 否定祈使句的反意疑問句只用will you。
Pass me a book, will you?
Have another cup of tea, won’t you?
Don’t watch too much TV, will you?
★★Let’s go shopping, shall we?
Let us go now, will you?
(3)陳述部分用 no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely,等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定含義。
Birds rarely build nests in our garden, do they?
He hardly says such words, does he?
(4)陳述句的主語是不定代詞everything, something, anything, nothing時,其後的反意疑問句主語用it。
Everything is right, isn’t it?
Nothing is in the box, is it?
(5)陳述句的主語是不定代詞everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, none時,其後的反意疑問句主語用they。
Everybody has got the new books, haven’t they?
Everyone knows his job, don’t they?
Anyone can do that, can’t they?
No one is interested in math, are they?
★不定代詞做主語的反義疑問句,指物的一般用it反問,指人的用they反問。
(6)陳述部分的謂語是used to 時,疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。
She usted to climb the mountain, usedn’t she?/didn’t she?
(7)陳述部分有had better + do, 疑問句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
(8) 含有賓語從句的主從複合句的反意疑問句中,簡短問句一般反映主句中主、謂之間的關係。
She said that they were happy, didn’t she?
You think that you are funny, don’t you?___________?
但如果主句是I think, I believe等時,則簡短問句反映的是that從句中主語與謂語之間的關係。
I think (that) he is serious, isn’t he?
I don’t think (that) he is serious, is he?
(9) 否定前綴不能視爲否定詞,其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。 This is important, isn't it? He is unhappy, isn’t he?
-
字帖好句子(精品多篇)
字帖好句子篇一不知道明年的今天,我是否還在等待。曾經有一個笑容出現在我的生命裏,可是最後還是如霧靄般消散,而那個笑容,就成爲我心中深深埋藏的一條湍急的河流,無法泅渡,那河流的聲音,就成爲我每日每夜絕望的歌唱。我只是想卑微地暗戀你,從沒有想過逾越這條線。我把...
-
影視文學研究多篇
影視文學研究篇一關鍵詞:影視文化;大學生;思想政治教育中圖分類號:G4文獻標識碼:Adoi:10.19311/ki.1672-3198.2016.06.071生活在傳媒時代迅速發展的當今大學生,已經逐漸習慣了通過大衆文化傳媒中所表現出來的文化來觀察社會、瞭解社會,所以從影視作品中流露出來的思想...
-
小熊貓的睡前故事(通用多篇)
短篇睡前故事:挑食的小熊貓篇一在茂密的大森林邊上,有一座漂亮的小木屋,那是小熊貓的家,一天清晨,小熊貓吃完飯後發現外婆病了,沒有吃飯,小熊貓想要是採點又鮮又嫩的竹筍來外婆一定喜歡吃。病也許能好得快。小熊貓偷偷地提着籃子走出家門,看到天空飄着幾朵白雲,路邊的小...
-
報道修辭類過渡句50例
報道修辭類過渡句50例1.只有在“千帆競發、百舸爭流”中奮勇爭先,才能保持狀態、永不掉隊;只有在“勇攀高峯、挑戰極限”中全力衝刺,才能再創佳績、不負時代。2.唯有不懼風雨、勇毅前行,方能走好新時代的“趕考路”;唯有恪盡職守、銳意進取,才能當好新時代的“答卷人...