英語的定語從句總結（新版多篇）

英語的定語從句總結 篇一

1、由關係代詞 who, whom, whose, that, which; 關係副詞 when, where, why 引導。

（下面十個句子請讀5遍並脫口譯出！）

e.g.1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.

2、The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.

3、The building whose lights are on is beautiful.

4、Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.

5、The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.

6、He still remembers the day when he went to school.

7、It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.

8、He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.

9、Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.

10、In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.

2、只能用that和who引導的定語從句

, nothing, anything, a few, one做先行詞指物時

B.先行詞前有形容詞最高級修飾時，後面常跟that而不是which

C.先行詞前有 the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等詞修飾時，引導詞只能用that

D.當先行詞是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody時，後面要用who或whom

e.g. All that glitters is not gold. 閃光的並非都是金子。

引導定語從句

A.引導限制性語從句。

在此類定語從句中，as常與主語中作爲其先行詞的such, the same或as聯用構成，“such.。. as”，“the same.。. as”和“as 。.。as”句型，可代替先行詞。

e.g. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 我們希望得到他正在用的那種工具。

引導非限制性定語從句時，作用與which相同，as作爲關係代詞代替整個主句。

（這是語法考試的一個考點。）

注意區別：

as 引導的從句用於句首、句中或句後，而which引導的定語從句不能放在句首。

e.g. As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.

據報道，一個外國代表團將訪問這個城市。

英語的定語從句總結 篇二

（一)定語從句的結構：在複合句中，修飾某個名詞或代詞的句子(做這個名詞或代詞的定語）叫定語從句，定語從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞後面，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語從句的先行詞，它與定語從句之間要有一個詞連接，這個詞指代先行詞的內容叫做關係詞（關係代詞或關係副詞：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行詞在定語從句中充當主語，賓語，時間，地點，原因狀語。

結構：先行詞+關係詞+定語從句。

1、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.

2、In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.

3、A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.

4、The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.

5、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.

6、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.

（二）定語從句分爲限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句：

限定性定語從句：從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。

非限定性定語從句：對先行詞進行補充說明，解釋，它與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。

1、Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.

2、Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.

3、Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.

4、Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.

（三）關係詞前面可以根據定語從句的內容加上一些介詞，這些關係詞在介詞後面常用which 或whom.

1、There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.

2、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.

知識重點與難點

（一）當先行詞有最高級，序數詞修飾，是不定代詞，或是all, no, only等形式時，關係代詞一般用that，而不能用which。

1、The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.

2、There is one thing that keeps worrying me.

（二）當先行詞是表示時間，地點，原因的詞時，關係詞用when, where, why 還有which, that

1、I'm very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.

2、This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.

3、I think I can understand the reason why he didn't tell the truth to me.

4、No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.

（三）定語從句的簡化表達：

1、The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2、The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3、The question that is being discussed is very important.

4、You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

說明：以上的定語從句部分可以用更加簡單的非謂語形式表達出來：

1、The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2、The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3、The question being discussed is very important.

4、You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

說明：修飾一個名詞除了後面用定語從句以外，還可以用非謂語動詞形式：doing短語，done短語，being done短語，to be done短語修飾。其結構和意思如下：

1、被修飾名詞+doing短語： 正在做…。的人/正在發生的事。

2、被修飾名詞+ done短語： 被…。.的人/事

3、被修飾名詞+being done短語：正在被…。.的人/事

4、被修飾名詞+ to be done短語：將要被…。.的人/事

(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ？

(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.

(3)Did you see that car being repaired ？

(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.

(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.

(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.

(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.

總結：以上做定語的那些短語就是英語語法中所說的分詞，不定式的各種形式作定語。

1、這些短語作定語應放在被修飾名詞的後面。如果單獨一個V-ing或V-ed形式作定語，則可以放在被修飾名詞前面。

2、分詞作定語時，其動作應與全句動作同時發生。V-ing表示主動意義和正在做，V-ed表示被動意義。being done表示正在被做的

3、不定式作定語表示將要發生的，to be done表示將要被做的

英語的定語從句總結 篇三

一．幾個基本概念1.定語從句的定義：用作定語的從句叫定語從句。

2、先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。

3、定語從句的位置：緊跟先行詞（名詞或代詞）之後。

4、引導詞：引導定語從句的詞（包括關係代詞和關係副詞）。

（1）關係代詞：that/who/whom/which/as

（2）關係副詞：when/where/why

5、引導詞的位置：位於定語從句之前（先行詞之後）。【as除外】

6、引導詞的功能（作用）：

（1）連接先行詞和定語從句。

（2）在定語從句中充當一定的成分（關係代詞充當主語或賓語，關係副詞充當狀語）。

7、定語從句的類型：

（1）限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間無逗號）。

① 直接由引導詞引導定語從句

The man who you’re talking to is my friend.

② 由介詞+關係代詞（whom/which）引導

The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.

I need a pen with which I can write a letter.

=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.

介詞的選用可根據從句中的相關詞組確定，該介詞通常可以放在關係代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。例如：

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.

=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.

=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.

（2）非限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間用逗號隔開）。

① 直接由引導詞引導定語從句。

② 由介詞+關係代詞（whom/which）引導。

I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree.

There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples.

This is the man to whom I gave the book.

③ 由“代詞/名詞+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名詞/代詞”（先行詞指人用whom,指物用which）引導。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等詞、數詞、分數或百分比與of whom或of which連用。

He has five children, two of whom are abroad.

（比較：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.）

We have three books, none of which is/are interesting.

（比較：We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.）

除why和that不能引導非限定性定語從句外，其餘引導詞都可以，用法同限定性定語從句一樣。但要注意以下區別。

1、在形式上非限定性定語從句與主句有逗號隔開。

2、非限定性定語從句的作用：它只是補充說明先行詞的情況，翻譯時可譯成兩個句子。

The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.

（那位工程師被很快送往醫院，其腿部受了重傷）

The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.

（那位腿部受了重傷的工程師被很快送往醫院）

3、在非限定性定語從句中，任何引導詞都不能省略（包括引導詞在此定語從句中充當賓語在內）。指人做主語時只能用who, 做賓語時用whom;

指物做主語，賓語都用which; 關係副詞用when或where，也不能省略。

The man, ______ is sitting on the chair, is my father.

The woman, _______ I met yesterday, is my English teacher.

The city, _______ is far away, is very beautiful.

He went to America, ______ his parents live.

He joined the Army yesterday, ______ I left, too.

e引導非限定性定語從句：

The house, whose window faces south, is mine.

=The house, the window of which faces south, is mine.

＝The house, of which the window faces south, is mine.

二。定語從句中關係代詞和關係副詞的基本用法

指人是主格在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的主語，不能省略。

Do you know the gentleman who/that is sitting there?

指人是賓格，在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的賓語（動賓或介賓）。

① 當作動賓（動詞後接賓語）時，關係代詞可省略。

Do you know the gentleman (whom/who/that) we met just now?

② 當作介賓（介詞後接賓語）時：

介詞不提前時，關係代詞可省略；

介詞提前時，關係代詞不可省，即介詞＋whom（指人時介詞後的關係代詞只能用whom）。

The man (whom/who/that) I spoke with is my teacher.

The man with whom I spoke is my teacher.

※注：固定的動詞短語（動詞+介詞）如look for, take care of等不能把動詞與介詞拆開，既介詞不能提至引導詞前。

She is the right girl (who/whom/that) we are looking for.

e: 指人或物，是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+n.一起在定語從句中充當主語、賓語（動賓或介賓）即先行詞的什麼東西怎樣了，whose不能省略。。Whose+n. = the +n. + of which/whom= of which/ whom+ the =n.

I didn’t find the desk whose leg was broken. （主語）

He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. （動賓）

The boss in whose company I work is very kind. （介賓）

h/that 指物，指代先行詞且在定語從句中作主語或賓語（動賓或介賓）。

① 當作動賓時，關係代詞可省略。

② 當作介賓時：

介詞不提前時，關係代詞可省略；

介詞提前時，關係代詞不可省，即介詞＋which（指物時介詞後的關係代詞只能用which）。

The house which/that was destroyed in the earthquake is weak.

The pen (which/that) you found yesterday is mine.

The games (that/which) the young men competed in were difficult.

The games in which the young men competed were difficult.

※注:介詞+關係代詞即介詞+whom/which（先行詞指人用whom，指物用which）。

※指人或物，在定語從句中可作主語，賓語，表語或狀語，不能省略。主要用於 “the same …as…；such …as…；so …as…；as … as…；as follows”固定結構中，形式固定此時的引導限定性定語從句。要用as代替who(m)， which, 或that引導定語從句：

Such people as knew Hill thought he was honest.

Such people as Hill knew thought he was honest.

My hometown is no longer the same as it was.

Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.

The child knows as much as grow-ups (know)。

I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school.

He is not such a person as I expected.

He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find.

英語的定語從句總結 篇四

一、關係代詞引導的定語從句

1、由who, whom, that，Whose引導的從句

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，who作主語指人，whom作賓語指人，that既可作主語又可作賓語（作賓語可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用來指人或物，只用作定語。

（1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎？(who/that在從句中作主語）

（2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語）

（3） The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師

（4） he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那個兒子是醫生的男人是我們的教授。

2、由which, that引導的從句

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，作賓語時可以省略，例如：

（1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語）

（2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語）

注意： 代表物時多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which：

a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing ， none等不定代詞時；

b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時，這時的that常被省略；

c)先行詞前有序數詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時；

d)先行詞中既有人又有物時；

e)整個句中前面已有which，who,that時；

f)當先行詞爲物並作表語時；

g)先行詞爲one時；

h)先行詞同時又被the only,the very,the same修飾時；

二、關係副詞引導的定語從句

1、when指時間在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用 I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

2、where指地點在定語從句中做地點狀語 Shanghai is the city where I was born.

3、why指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語 ，用在reason 後面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

常見考法

對於定語從句的考查，多以單選的形式考查學生靈活運用的能力。一般情況下，常從關係詞的意義和功能的角度考查，重點是that,which,who引導的定語從句。

典型例題：Youre the only person ______Ive ever met ______could do it.

A. who B. whom C. whom D. who

解析：先行詞person後有兩個定語從句，第一個從句省略了關係代詞whom.因爲， whom作從句中met的賓語，可以省略。第二個從句who could do 在從句中作主語，不可省略。

答案：D

誤區提醒

當表示時間或地點的名詞作先行詞時，要判斷出它們在從句中作狀語還是主語或賓語。作狀語時用關係副詞，反之用關係代詞。

典型例題：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.

A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

解析：。 兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞，但第一個空白處要填的關係詞在從句中作狀語，因此要用關係副詞when. 第二個空白處要填的關係詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語，因此要用關係代詞which或that來引導定語從句。

答案：A

英語的定語從句總結 篇五

關係

代詞指代例句

who指人，寵物，This is the man who helped me.

whose所有格，

指人，物This is the boss whose name is Michael.

whom賓語， 指人The doctor whom you are looking for

is in the room.

that人，物，

主語或動賓This is the boy that broke the window.

which人，物，The building which is in front of you

主語或介賓 is our school.

I am going to drop out school, （非限）

which makes my parents worried.

關係

副詞

when從句時間Do you remember the day

when he came to see you?難點Is Sheba the dog who was killed last year? （指代動物）This is the boss in whose company my farther is working now. （複雜結構）whose = the…of which (P314)There was no one to whom I can turn for help.（複雜結構）of whom （其中） most of whom, none of whom…He is the only person that I want to talk to. （不用which） (P315)作表語: He is no longer the man that he used to which （其中） most of which, none of whichin which case / during which time / at which time 引導從句It was in 1979 that he was elected was 1979 when he was elected Chairman of our club.

I bought the book 2 years ago, since when I have used no others.

Cases are introduced to you

where從句地點why

特殊

as限制性

定語從句

非限制性

定語從句You have reached the point where a change is me the reason why you are same…as (P320)such…as They use such simple words as can be understood by …as (P320)（正如） as is mentioned above as has been reported before

as is often the case as is known to all where you can employ this law.（condition, circumstances, system, example…）I am going to Shanghai where lives my aunt. （從句倒裝）I climbed to the top of the mountain, from where I could see thewhole city.先行詞只有reasonCan you repeat the reason that you gave yesterday?They use such simple words that we can understand them.（狀語從句中，that不擔任成分，不可以省略）可以位於句首， 與主語從句區分It is known to all that… （形式主語）As is known to all, （定語從句）What is known to all is that （主語從句）