定語從句包括哪些從句【精品多篇】

判斷關係代詞與關係副詞 篇一

方法一： 用關係代詞，還是關係副詞完全取決於從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞後面無賓語，就必須要求用關係代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關係副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。）

(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（對) This is the mountain village (which） I visited last year.

（對) I'll never forget the days (which） I spent in the countryside.

習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關係副詞 where, when聯繫在一起。此兩題錯在關係詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關係副詞。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1變爲肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2變爲肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分爲賓語，而wh ua ere, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關係代詞，所以應選D。

而句2中， 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分爲句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。

關係詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關係代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關係副詞 （ where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語） 。

英語定語從句語法解析 篇二

1. 分隔定語從句。

先行詞與定語從句之間有時也會插入別的成分，構成先行詞與定語從句的隔離，這種從句叫分隔定語從句。例如：

This is the article written by him that I spoke to you about.

He was the only person in this country that was invited.

①因定語從句過長，爲使句子保持平衡，常將定語從句和其所修飾的名詞或代詞分開。

The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

②在定語從句中使用“插入語”以增加語言的靈活性。

The pen I thought I had lost is on my desk，right under my nose.

2. as 和 which 引導的定語從句。

① as 有“正如，就像”之意，在非限制性定語從句中充當主語、賓語或表語，從句可位於主句的前面、中間或後面，一般用逗號與主句隔開。

As we had expected，her performance was wonderful.

A panda， as we know，is a lovely animal.

Tom is the tallest in our class，as you know.

但 which 引導的非限制性定語從句一般只能放在主句之後。例如：

The result of the experiment was very good，which we hadn’t expected.

②在主謂賓結構的非限制性定語從句中，which 和 as 作賓語時可互換使用。

He was an Englishman，which / as I knew from his accent.

作主語時通常用 which ，而不用 as 。但在“主語 +be+done ”結構中，as 作主語。例如：

He passed the examination，as was known.

③ as 引導非限制性定語從句時，通常用在表示肯定意義的從句中，而不能用在表示否定意義的從句中； which 則不受此限制。例如：

Mummy treats me just as a baby，which （不用 as ） I can’t bear.

She married again，which （不用 as ）was unexpected.

④在賓補結構的非限制性定語從句中，作主語或賓語時，宜用 which ，而不用 as 。例如：

He believed in God，which （不用 as ） I find strange.

He changed his mind，which （不用 as ） made me very angry.

⑤定語從句中動詞若爲表示知覺的詞，如 see ，expect ，say ，know 等時，用 as 而不用 which 。

As we expected / know， Xiao Ming took the first place in the game.

⑥ as 引導的定語從句與 it 作形式主語的主語從句和以 what 引導的主語從句的區別。試比較：

As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.

It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

3. 定語從句與並列句的識別。

定語從句與主句之間要用“逗號”分隔，並且不能加入 and ， but ， so 等連接詞。並列句一般由 and ， but ， so 等詞連接，或中間用“分號”隔開。例如：

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （定語從句）

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，and most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （並列句）

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows；most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （並列句）

Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was reasonable. （定語從句）

Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase；the price of it was reasonable. （並列句）

John’s parents kept telling him that he should work hard，but it didn’t help. （並列句）

4. that 引導的定語從句與結果狀語從句的區別。

This is so interesting a book that all of us want to read it. （ so …… that 引導的結果狀語從句）

This is so interesting a book as all of us want to read. （ as 引導的定語從句）

通過以上兩個例句不難看出， so …… that 引導結果狀語從句，而定語從句中先行詞前有 so ， such ， the same 修飾時，常用“ as ”來引導定語從句。

5. 定語從句與同位語從句的區別。

同位語從句是位於名詞 answer ， belief ， doubt ， decision ， explanation ， fact ， hope ， idea ， information ， news ， order ， problem ， promise ， truth 等後的句子，並對這些句詞進行補充說明或解釋；從句一般是一個完整的句子，引導詞 that 只起引導作用，不作句子成分，且 that 不可省略；同位語從句不可用 which 引導。而定語從句通常是一不完整的句子，缺少主語或賓語等。作賓語時， that 可省略。

The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear. （同位語從句）

The fact （that / which） she told me yesterday is very important. （定語從句）

「鞏固性練習」

1、_________ is mentioned above， the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. As B. It C. That D. What

2、Now Children like to go to the fast food restaurant， _________ as the name says， eating doesn’t take much time.

A. which B. that C. what D. where

3、Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city， _________ happened in Tang Shan in 1976.

A. as B. that C. where D. like

4、Recently my father bought a Chinese painting， _________ was very reasonable.

A. the price of it B. which price

C. the price of which D. its price

5、We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and some other places， _________ other visitors seldom go.

A. what B. which C. where D. when

6、We were next-door neighbors for three years， during ________ time we met only twice.

A. which B. this C. in which D. same

7、Living in the central Australia desert has its problems， _________ getting water is not the least.

A. as B. for what C. of which D. for what

8、We should do more such exercises in the future， I think， ________ those we did yesterday.

A. as B. which C. that D. it

9、Gone are the days _________ we spent together in the village.

A. that B. when C. in which D. on which

10、He failed his exam， _________ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. as B. which C. that D. A and B

11、He must be from Africa， _________ can be seen from his skin.

A. that B. as C. who D. what

「參考答案」

1、A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A

7、C 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B

定語從句歸納及用法 篇三

I 關係代詞引導的定語從句

關係代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，並在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分，英語定語從句知識和用法概述。關係代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

2） whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語， 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。

Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）

The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語）

II. 關係副詞引導的定語從句

關係副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。

1）關係副詞when, where, why的含義相當於“介詞+ which”結構，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結構交替使用。例如：

There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。

Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

2）that代替關係副詞，可以用於表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞後取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。

III.判斷關係代詞與關係副詞

方法一： 用關係代詞，還是關係副詞完全取決於從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞後面無賓語，就必須要求用關係代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關係副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。

判斷改錯：

（錯） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（錯） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（對） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.

（對） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.

習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關係副詞 where, when聯繫在一起。此兩題錯在關係詞的誤用上。

方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關係副詞。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1變爲肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2變爲肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分爲賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關係代詞，所以應選D，英語語法《英語定語從句知識和用法概述》。

而句2中， 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分爲句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。

關係詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關係代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關係副詞 （ where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語） 。

IV. 限制性和非限制性定語從句

1） 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）

2） 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其後的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理？史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年買的'的那幢房子帶着個漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。

3） 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作爲先行詞， 對其進行修飾， 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變爲蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。

說明：關係代詞that和關係副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。

V. 介詞+關係詞

1）介詞後面的關係詞不能省略。

2）that前不能有介詞。

3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關係詞”結構可以同關係副詞when 和where 互換。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

VI. as, which 非限定性定語從句

由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當於and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我們所知，吸菸有害健康。

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽使地球暖起來，這對我們人類很重要。

典型例題

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

答案C. 此爲非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使後

句成爲句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用於非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用於非限定性定語從句，it不爲連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子並在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.。

A. that B. which C. as D. it

答案B. as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關係代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：

（1）as 引導的定語從句可置於句首，而which不可。

（2） as 代表前面的整個主句並在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若爲行爲動詞，則從句中的關係代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由於是行爲動詞，所以正確選項應爲B。

as 的用法

例1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構， 和……一樣……。例如：

I have got into the same trouble as he （has）。 我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。

例2. as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有'正如'。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我們所知，吸菸有害健康。

As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是關係代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。

VII. 先行詞和關係詞二合一

1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）

介詞+關係詞 篇四

1)介詞後面的關係詞不能省略。

2)that前不能有介詞。

3) 某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關係詞”結構可以同關係副詞when 和where 互換。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

什麼叫做定語從句 篇五

1. think it + adj + that

在講今天的語法之前，我們回顧一下平時同學們在寫作以及閱讀中可能比較疑惑的例句：

I think it important that you tell your mother the truth.

疑惑之處在於，it後面爲什麼沒有is?

例句採用了這樣的句型：“think it + adj”。此處，it爲形式賓語，that引導的賓語從句纔是真實賓語，而important是賓語補足語。所以，it是形式賓語而不是主語，不需要加be動詞。

一般情況下，各位更熟悉的句型是：“I think (that) it is important that.。. ”；這兩者都是正確的，注意區分和辨別。

感興趣的同學還可以去這個網站看看：English Language & Usage。它給出了以下幾個類似的例句：

e.g. We do not think it necessary to go.

e.g. Some people do not think it important to be thrifty.

2. 定語從句中的that

定語從句中比較容易處理方面是，定語從句中“that”多可省略，表現爲關係代詞作賓語的情況：

e.g. He must be the man (that) you have been looking for.

此處，man作looking for的賓語。

至於不可省略的that，這裏小編只舉兩例，算是比較常用的規則哦：

（1）緊接着上面闡述，除了關係代詞作賓語的情況外，其餘時候多不能省略that。比如小編給各位找來一個作主語的例子，各位可以舉一反三：

e.g. All that glitters is not gold.（發光的未必都是金子。）

此處，that指代主語，不可以省略。

（2）我們都知道that引導定語從句，可指人也可指物，算是兼有“who”和“which”的作用；但當定語從句修飾的先行詞既有人又有物時，那麼就只能用that且不可省略了。

e.g. I still remember the things and persons that I met when I traveled to Tibet.

接下來再給各位同學出一道題檢驗一下今天學習的知識點到底掌握了沒有，題目如下：

This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing.

上句話中的that是否可以省略？

A. yes

B. no

答案：A、可以省略。

（1）首先我們來判斷一下此處that引導的從句在句子中是什麼成分：

This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing 。

由於there be句型的特殊性，並不是跟在be動詞後面的就一定是賓語，there be句型本身就是一個倒裝。這種句型之所以要用there作引導詞，而把主語置於動詞之後，是爲了使主語成爲信息中心，以達到引出新話題的目的。上述例句中的train是定語從句中的主語成分。

（2）認真學習的同學肯定還記得上期小編總結了一句“定語從句中that多可省略，表現爲關係代詞作賓語的情況”，因此各位就傾向於記住賓語之外的成分都不可以省略that，但there be結構卻是特例。具體語法點爲：在there be結構中出現定語從句，或在定語從句中出現there be時，用作主語的關係代詞也可省略。

（3）因此，上述例句中的train雖作從句的主語成分，但由於there be結構的特殊性，that仍舊可以省略。此處特例建立在固定結構的用法基礎上，也算是有規律可循的特例了。